Strand X

Mathematical practices

The cross-cutting *how* of doing mathematics — reasoning, communication, resilience.

Learning sequence 7 concepts

In prerequisite order. Each row is a self-contained “can-do”; open it for the full explanation, examples and resources.

  1. X.1
    Problem-solving
    Model, decompose, choose operations, persevere and check reasonableness.
    practice
  2. X.2
    Reasoning & proof
    Conjecture, justify, generalise and critique reasoning.
    practice
  3. X.3
    Representation & communication
    Move between concrete/pictorial/symbolic; use precise vocabulary; link multiple representations.
    practice
  4. X.4
    Connections & financial literacy
    Link mathematical ideas and connect to real / other-subject contexts; money → interest, discounts, budgeting.
    practice
  5. X.5
    Tools & technology
    Use calculators, spreadsheets and dynamic software — stage- and country-gated.
    practice
  6. X.6
    Affective & social
    Manage math anxiety, value error as learning, collaborate — directly relevant to a low-stakes, anti-anxiety design.
    practice
  7. X.7
    Fluency thresholds
    Assessable fluency targets: FR mental-calc targets (CP 9 / CE1 12 / CE2 15 in 3 min; 12 ×-fill-ins/min by CE2); EN Year-4 MTC (25 questions, 6 s each).
    practice