The ten strands

Counting, place value and the four operations — the spine of the whole curriculum.

Parts of a whole, decimals, percentages and proportional reasoning.

Patterns, the equals sign, unknowns, expressions and equations.

Length, time, money, mass, area, volume and angles.

Naming, classifying and constructing 2-D shapes and 3-D solids.

Position, symmetry, coordinates, transformations and tessellation — the bridge to generative art.

Collecting, charting, summarising and reasoning about data.

The language of chance and quantifying probability on the 0–1 scale.

Instruction sequences, loops, conditionals — programming as mathematics.

The cross-cutting *how* of doing mathematics — reasoning, communication, resilience.